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: Transitioning from single-nucleon calculations to multi-nucleon systems and light nuclei to understand "nuclear effects" that can bias experimental results.

: Calculating the axial form factors of the nucleon, which are vital for predicting neutrino-nucleon cross-sections.

Lattice QCD and neutrino-nucleus scattering* - Springer Nature

The report identifies as a critical tool for current and future neutrino experiments like DUNE (Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) and Hyper-Kamiokande . Because these experiments use heavy atomic nuclei (like Argon or Water) as targets, understanding the complex interactions between neutrinos and nucleons at a subatomic level is essential for extracting precise data on neutrino masses and flavor mixing. 2. Key Objectives & Scope

: By precisely modeling standard model interactions, the report argues that researchers can more easily identify "new physics" or non-standard neutrino interactions. 4. Impact on Future Facilities

: Accurate Lattice QCD inputs help reduce systematic uncertainties in oscillation parameters, such as the CP-violating phase, which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.

: Providing a theoretical "ground truth" to improve the phenomenological models currently used in neutrino event generators. 3. Strategic Importance

The report emphasizes that as experiments move into the "precision era," the limiting factor will no longer be the number of neutrinos captured (statistical error) but the accuracy of the interaction models (systematic error). Lattice QCD provides the only first-principles method to solve these strong-force problems.