One of the oldest routes; requires property purchase plus a 5% government fee. 3. Major Program Shifts & Closures
Removed the direct real estate purchase route in late 2023. Investors now typically use qualified investment funds starting at €500,000 to secure residency.
The concept of "buying a property to get an EU passport" has undergone significant changes in 2026. While the era of immediate "Golden Passports" for cash has effectively ended within the European Union, real estate remains a powerful, though more restricted, gateway to eventual citizenship through programs.