As early as the 1930s, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky noticed that galaxies in the Coma Cluster were moving far too fast to be held together by visible matter alone. He coined the term "dunkle Materie" (dark matter) to describe the missing mass. Gravitational Lensing
In the 1970s, astronomer Vera Rubin observed that stars at the edges of spiral galaxies were moving just as fast as those near the center. According to Newtonian physics, they should have been moving much slower or flying off into space unless some unseen mass was holding them in place. Galaxy Clusters Dark Matter
The exact identity of dark matter remains unknown, though several leading theories exist: The quest for dark matter with Matt Bothwell As early as the 1930s, Swiss astronomer Fritz
It does not interact with electromagnetic forces, meaning it is completely transparent. According to Newtonian physics, they should have been
Dark matter is one of the most significant mysteries in modern science, representing a substance that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, yet exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the universe. While it remains invisible to traditional telescopes, its presence is inferred by its impact on the visible world. The Cosmic Invisible
Dark matter makes up roughly , dwarfing the "ordinary" matter—stars, planets, and people—which accounts for less than 5%.
Most evidence suggests dark matter is "cold," meaning its particles move slowly relative to the speed of light. 🔭 Key Evidence