Joe Sacco’s (2009) is a foundational work of graphic journalism that meticulously investigates two largely forgotten massacres of Palestinians by Israeli forces in 1956. Sacco, a journalist and cartoonist, uses the graphic novel medium to "exhume" these historical tragedies—one in Khan Younis and one in Rafah—that he felt had been reduced to mere "footnotes" in the broader sweep of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Core Historical Investigation
During a "screening operation" to find militants, the IDF herded Palestinian men into a schoolyard, resulting in 111 deaths. Footnotes in Gaza: A Graphic Novel
Sacco bases his account on dozens of firsthand testimonies from elderly survivors and witnesses, cross-referencing their memories with United Nations reports and archival data. Artistic Style and Narrative Approach Joe Sacco’s (2009) is a foundational work of
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) killed 275 Palestinians after entering the town, rounding up men and executing many at the town center's castle wall. Sacco bases his account on dozens of firsthand
Sacco’s distinctive "comics journalism" style combines rigorous reporting with visceral, black-and-white illustrations: Footnotes in Gaza: A Graphic Novel: Sacco, Joe - Amazon.com