This is a perennial climbing vine widely used in and Ayurveda .

: The dried roots contain the pigment alizarin , which was the primary source for red textiles before synthetic dyes were developed.

: It contains anthraquinones (like alizarin and purpurin), terpenes, and cyclopeptides . 2. Rubia tinctorum (Common Madder)

: Its rhizomes and roots are valued for improving blood circulation, purifying blood, and treating inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, eczema, and psoriasis.

: Research has highlighted its antioxidant , anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.

Historically famous for the dye, this species is native to Europe and the Middle East.

OPEN FREE* DEMAT ACCOUNT