The review synthesizes three decades of research, specifically focusing on the transition from identifying brain differences in ADHD through MRI to targeting those deficits with modern neurotherapeutics.
Most studies have been small with heterogeneous designs, often testing effects on cognitive functions rather than clinical symptoms. Rubia (2022)
: Rubia highlights that ADHD is the most-imaged child psychiatric disorder. Research consistently shows small but reliable differences in the structure and functional connections of frontal, parietotemporal, and striatal brain regions. The request likely refers to the academic review
: Using EEG (most common), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and functional MRI (fMRI). functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
The article is frequently cited in discussions about the limitations of current ADHD drug therapies, which often lack long-term safety evidence and may be less preferred by parents and clinicians than non-pharmacological alternatives.
The request likely refers to the academic review article published by Katya Rubia in the journal Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences in 2022. Article Overview