: Transfer acyl groups, vital for fatty acid metabolism and the synthesis of structured lipids. Biological Roles
), critical for DNA methylation and gene expression regulation.
: Transfer phosphate groups (typically from ATP) to substrates, a process essential for cell signaling and metabolic regulation. Aminotransferases (EC 2.6) : Transfer amino groups ( −NH2negative cap N cap H sub 2 transferase
A transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a specific functional group (such as a methyl or phosphate group) from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. These enzymes are vital for metabolic pathways, including the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Core Mechanism and Classification
) between an amino acid and a keto acid, playing a key role in amino acid metabolism. : Transfer methyl groups ( −CH3negative cap C cap H sub 3 : Transfer acyl groups, vital for fatty acid
Transferases are officially classified under the Enzyme Commission (EC) system as . They follow a general reaction formula:
: Transfer sugar moieties to form glycosidic bonds, which are essential for synthesizing blood group antigens and modifying drug stability. Aminotransferases (EC 2
A−X+B→A+B−Xcap A minus cap X plus cap B right arrow cap A plus cap B minus cap X is the donor, is the functional group, and is the acceptor. Primary Subclasses